A structural design book with a code-connected focus, Principles of Structural Design: Wood, Steel, and Concrete, Second Edition introduces the principles and practices of structural design. This book covers the section properties, design values, reference tables, and other design aids required to accomplish complete structural designs in accordance with the codes. What's New in This Edition: * Reflects all the latest revised codes and standards * The text material has been thoroughly reviewed and expanded, including a new chapter on concrete design * Suitable for combined design coursework in wood, steel, and concrete * Includes all essential material-the section properties, design values, reference tables, and other design aids required to accomplish complete structural designs according to the codes * This book uses the LRFD basis of design for all structures This updated edition has been expanded into 17 chapters and is divided into four parts. The first section of the book explains load and resistance factor design, and explores a unified approach to design. The second section covers wood design and specifically examines wood structures. It highlights sawn lumber, glued laminated timber, and structural composite/veneer lumber. The third section examines steel structures. It addresses the AISC 2010 revisions to the sectional properties of certain structural elements, as well as changes in the procedure to design the slip-critical connection. The final section includes a chapter on T beams and introduces doubly reinforced beams. Principles of Structural Design: Wood, Steel, and Concrete, Second Edition was designed to be used for joint coursework in wood, steel, and concrete design.
Preface xiii
Author xv
Section I Design Loads
Chapter 1 Design Criteria 3 (20)
Classification of Buildings 3 (1)
Building Codes 3 (1)
Standard Unit Loads 3 (1)
Tributary Area 3 (4)
Working Stress Design, Strength Design, and 7 (5)
Unified Design of Structures
Elastic and Plastic Designs 10 (2)
Elastic Moment Capacity 12 (1)
Plastic Moment Capacity 12 (2)
Combinations of Loads 14 (1)
Other Loads 15 (3)
Continuous Load Path for Structural 18 (1)
Integrity
Problems 18 (5)
Chapter 2 Primary Loads: Dead Loads and Live 23 (8)
Loads
Dead Loads 23 (1)
Live Loads 24 (1)
Floor Live Loads 24 (2)
Basic Design Live Load, Lo 24 (1)
Effective Area Reduction Factor 24 (2)
Other Provisions for Floor Live Loads 26 (2)
Multiple Floors Reductions 27 (1)
Roof Live Loads, Lr 28 (1)
Tributary Area Reduction Factor, R1 28 (1)
Slope Reduction Factor 28 (1)
Problems 29 (2)
Chapter 3 Snow Loads 31 (18)
Introduction 31 (1)
Minimum Snow Load for Low-Slope Roofs 31 (3)
Balanced Snow Load 34 (2)
Importance Factor 34 (1)
Thermal Factor, Ct 34 (1)
Exposure Factor, Ce 35 (1)
Roof Slope Factor, cs 35 (1)
Rain-on-Snow Surcharge 36 (1)
Partial Loading of the Balanced Snow Load 37 (1)
Unbalanced across the Ridge Snow Load 38 (2)
Snow Drift from a Higher to a Lower Roof 40 (4)
Leeward Snow Drift on Lower Roof of 40 (1)
Attached Structure
Windward Snow Drift on Lower Roof of 41 (1)
Attached Structure
Leeward Snow Drift on Lower Roof of 42 (1)
Separated Structure
Windward Snow Drift on Lower Roof of 42 (2)
Separated Structure
Sliding Snow Load on Lower Roof 44 (2)
Sliding Snow Load on Separated Structures 46 (1)
Problems 46 (3)
Chapter 4 Wind Loads 49 (26)
Introduction 49 (1)
Definition of Terms 49 (1)
Procedures for MWFRS 50 (1)
Simplified Procedure for MWFRS for Low-Rise 50 (16)
Buildings
Horizontal Pressure Zones for MWFRS 57 (4)
Vertical Pressure Zones for MWFRS 61 (1)
Minimum Pressure for MWFRS 61 (5)
Procedures for Components and Cladding 66 (1)
Simplified Procedure for Components and 66 (6)
Cladding for Low-Rise Buildings
Minimum Pressures for Components and 70 (2)
Cladding
Problems 72 (3)
Chapter 5 Earthquake Loads 75 (30)
Seismic Forces 75 (1)
Seismic Design Procedures 75 (1)
Definitions 76 (1)
Structural Height 76 (1)
Stories above Base and Grade Plane 76 (1)
Fundamental Period of Structure 77 (1)
Ground Motion Response Accelerations 77 (11)
Mapped MCER Spectral Response 78 (1)
Acceleration Parameters
Adjustments to Spectral Response 78 (1)
Acceleration Parameters for Site Class
Effects
Design Spectral Acceleration Parameters 78 (1)
Design Response Spectrum 78 (10)
Importance Factor, I 88 (1)
Seismic Design Categories 88 (2)
Exemptions from Seismic Designs 90 (1)
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure to 90 (2)
Determine Seismic Force
Effective Weight of Structure, W 90 (1)
Seismic Response Coefficient, Cs 90 (1)
Response Modification Factor or 91 (1)
Coefficient, R
Distribution of Seismic Forces 92 (2)
Distribution of Seismic Forces on 92 (1)
Vertical Wall Elements
Distribution of Seismic Forces on 93 (1)
Horizontal Elements (Diaphragms)
Design Earthquake Load 94 (4)
Soil-Structure Interaction 98 (1)
Problems 99 (6)
Section II Wood Structures
Chapter 6 Wood Specifications 105 (20)
Engineering Properties of Sawn Lumber 105 (1)
Reference Design Values for Sawn Lumber 105 (1)
Adjustments to the Reference Design Values 106 (3)
for Sawn Lumber
Time Effect Factor, λ 107 (1)
Size Factor, CF 107 (1)
Size Factor, CF, for Dimension Lumber 108 (1)
Size Factor, CF, for Timber 108 (1)
Repetitive Member Factor, Cr 108 (1)
Flat Use Factor, Cfu 108 (1)
Buckling Stiffness Factor, CT 108 (1)
Bearing Area Factor, Cb 108 (1)
Format Conversion Factor, KF 109 (1)
Resistance Factor, φ 109 (1)
Load Resistance Factor Design with Wood 109 (5)
Structural Glued Laminated Timber 114 (1)
Reference Design Values for Glued Laminated 115 (1)
Timber
Adjustment Factors for Glued Laminated 116 (4)
Timber
Flat Use Factor for Glued Laminated 116 (1)
Timber, CFU
Volume Factor for Glued Laminated Timber, 116 (1)
Cv
Curvature Factor for Glued Laminated 116 (2)
Timber, Cc
Stress Interaction Factor, CI 118 (1)
Shear Reduction Factor, CVR 118 (2)
Structural Composite Lumber 120 (1)
Summary of Adjustment Factors 121 (2)
Problems 123 (2)
Chapter 7 Flexure and Axially Loaded Wood 125 (28)
Structures
Introduction 125 (1)
Design of Beams 125 (1)
Bending Criteria of Design 125 (2)
Beam Stability Factor, CL 127 (2)
Effective Unbraced Length 128 (1)
Shear Criteria 129 (2)
Deflection Criteria 131 (1)
Creep Deflection 132 (4)
Bearing at Supports 136 (2)
Bearing Area Factor, Cb 137 (1)
Design of Axial Tension Members 138 (2)
Design of Columns 140 (1)
Column Stability Factor, Co 141 (2)
Design for Combined Bending and Compression 143 (4)
Problems 147 (6)
Chapter 8 Wood Connections 153 (22)
Types of Connections and Fasteners 153 (1)
Dowel-Type Fasteners (Nails, Screws, Bolts, 153 (1)
Pins)
Yield Limit Theory for Laterally Loaded 154 (1)
Fasteners
Yield Mechanisms and Yield Limit Equations 155 (2)
Reference Design Values for Lateral Loads 157 (1)
(ShearConnections)
Reference Design Values for Withdrawal Loads 157 (1)
Adjustments of the Reference Design Values 157 (7)
Wet Service Factor, CM 158 (1)
Temperature Factor, Ct 158 (1)
Group Action Factor, Cg 158 (1)
Geometry Factor, C&delta 158 (3)
End Grain Factor, Ceg 161 (1)
Diaphragm Factor, Cdi 161 (1)
Toenail Factor, Ctn 161 (3)
Nail and Screw Connections 164 (2)
Common, Box, and Sinker Nails 164 (1)
Post-Frame Ring Shank Nails 164 (1)
Wood Screws 165 (1)
Bolt and Lag Screw Connections 166 (2)
Bolts 167 (1)
Lag Screws 167 (1)
Problems 168 (7)
Section III Steel Structures
Chapter 9 Tension Steel Members 175 (16)
Properties of Steel 175 (1)
Provisions to Design Steel Structures 175 (1)
Unified Design Specifications 176 (1)
Limit States of Design 176 (1)
Design of Tension Members 177 (1)
Tensile Strength of Elements 177 (5)
Net Area, An 178 (1)
Effective Net Area, Ae 179 (3)
Block Shear Strength 182 (2)
Design Procedure for Tension Members 184 (2)
Problems 186 (5)
Chapter 10 Compression Steel Members 191 (18)
Strength of Compression Members or Columns 191 (2)
Local Buckling Criteria 193 (1)
Flexural Buckling Criteria 194 (1)
Effective Length Factor for Slenderness 194 (3)
Ratio
Limit States for Compression Design 197 (1)
Nonslender Members 197 (3)
Flexural Buckling of Nonslender Members 197 (1)
in Elastic and Inelastic Regions
Inelastic Buckling 198 (1)
Elastic Buckling 198 (1)
Torsional and Flexural-Torsional Buckling 198 (2)
of Nonslender Members
Single-Angle Members 200 (1)
Built-Up Members 200 (1)
Slender Compression Members 200 (1)
Use of the Compression Tables 200 (3)
Problems 203 (6)
Chapter 11 Flexural Steel Members 209 (16)
Basis of Design 209 (1)
Nominal Strength of Steel in Flexure 209 (1)
Lateral Unsupported Length 209 (2)
Fully Plastic Zone with Adequate Lateral 211 (1)
Support
Inelastic Lateral Torsional Buckling Zone 211 (1)
Modification Factor Cb 211 (1)
Elastic Lateral Torsional Buckling Zone 212 (1)
Noncompact and Slender Beam Sections for 212 (1)
Flexure
Compact Full Plastic Limit 213 (1)
Noncompact Flange Local Buckling 213 (1)
Slender Flange Local Buckling 214 (1)
Summary of Beam Relations 214 (1)
Design Aids 215 (3)
Shear Strength of Steel 218 (2)
Beam Deflection Limitations 220 (2)
Problems 222 (3)
Chapter 12 Combined Forces on Steel Members 225 (26)
Design Approach to Combined Forces 225 (1)
Combination of Tensile and Flexure Forces 225 (2)
Combination of Compression and Flexure 227 (4)
Forces: The Beam-Column Members
Members without Sidesway 227 (1)
Members with Sidesway 227 (2)
Magnification Factor B1 229 (1)
Moment Modification Factor, CM 229 (2)
K Values for Braced Frames 231 (1)
Braced Frame Design 231 (4)
Magnification Factor for Sway, B2 235 (1)
K Values for Unbraced Frames 235 (2)
Unbraced Frame Design 237 (3)
Open-Web Steel Joists 240 (3)
Joist Girders 243 (2)
Problems 245 (6)
Chapter 13 Steel Connections 251 (38)
Types of Connections and Joints 251 (1)
Bolted Connections 251 (3)
Specifications for Spacing of Bolts and 254 (1)
Edge Distance
Bearing-Type Connections 255 (4)
Slip-Critical Connections 259 (2)
Tensile Load on Bolts 261 (2)
Combined Shear and Tensile Forces on Bolts 263 (4)
Combined Shear and Tension on 263 (2)
Bearing-Type Connections
Combined Shear and Tension on 265 (2)
Slip-Critical Connections
Welded Connections 267 (1)
Groove Welds 267 (1)
Effective Area of Groove Weld 267 (1)
Fillet Welds 267 (1)
Effective Area of Fillet Weld 267 (1)
Minimum Size of Fillet Weld 267 (1)
Maximum Size of Fillet Weld 268 (1)
Length of Fillet Weld 268 (1)
Strength of Weld 268 (3)
Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds 268 (1)
Partial Joint Penetration Welds and 268 (3)
Fillet Welds
Frame Connections 271 (1)
Shear or Simple Connection for Frames 272 (2)
Single-Plate Shear Connection or Shear Tab 272 (1)
Framed-Beam Connection 272 (1)
Seated-Beam Connection 272 (1)
End-Plate Connection 272 (2)
Single-Plate Shear Connection for Frames 274 (3)
Moment-Resisting Connection for Frames 277 (2)
Problems 279 (10)
Section IV Reinforced Concrete Structures
Chapter 14 Flexural Reinforced Concrete 289 (22)
Members
Properties of Reinforced Concrete 289 (1)
Compression Strength of Concrete 289 (1)
Design Strength of Concrete 290 (1)
Strength of Reinforcing Steel 291 (1)
Load Resistance Factor Design Basis of 291 (1)
Concrete
Reinforced Concrete Beams 292 (1)
Derivation of the Beam Relations292 (2)
Strain Diagram and Modes of Failure 294 (1)
Balanced and Recommended Steel Percentages 295 (1)
Minimum Percentage of Steel 295 (1)
Strength Reduction Factor for Concrete 296 (1)
Specifications for Beams 296 (1)
Analysis of Beams 297 (2)
Design of Beams 299 (4)
Design for Reinforcement Only 299 (1)
Design of Beam Section and Reinforcement 300 (3)
One-Way Slab 303 (1)
Specifications for Slabs 303 (1)
Analysis of One-Way Slab 304 (1)
Design of One-Way Slab 305 (1)
Problems 306 (5)
Chapter 15 Doubly and T Reinforced Concrete 311 (16)
Beams
Doubly Reinforced Concrete Beams 311 (2)
Analysis of Doubly Reinforced Beams 313 (3)
Design of Doubly Reinforced Beams 316 (1)
Monolithic Slab and Beam (T Beams) 317 (1)
Analysis of T Beams 318 (2)
Design of T Beams 320 (3)
Problems 323 (4)
Chapter 16 Shear and Torsion in Reinforced 327 (20)
Concrete
Stress Distribution in Beam 327 (2)
Diagonal Cracking of Concrete 329 (1)
Strength of Web (Shear) Reinforced Beam 329 (2)
Shear Contribution of Concrete 331 (1)
Shear Contribution of Web Reinforcement 331 (1)
Specifications for Web (Shear) Reinforcement 332 (1)
Analysis for Shear Capacity 333 (2)
Design for Shear Capacity 335 (3)
Torsion in Concrete 338 (1)
Provision for Torsional Reinforcement 339 (2)
Problems 341 (6)
Chapter 17 Compression and Combined Forces 347 (22)
Reinforced Concrete Members
Types of Columns 347 (2)
Pedestals 347 (1)
Columns with Axial Loads 347 (1)
Short Columns with Combined Loads 347 (1)
Large or Slender Columns with Combined 347 (1)
Loads
Axially Loaded Columns 348 (1)
Strength of Spirals 349 (1)
Specifications for Columns 350 (1)
Analysis of Axially Loaded Columns 351 (2)
Design of Axially Loaded Columns 353 (2)
Short Columns with Combined Loads 355 (2)
Effects of Moment on Short Columns 357 (2)
Only Axial Load Acting 357 (1)
Large Axial Load and Small Moment (Small 357 (1)
Eccentricity)
Large Axial Load and Moment Larger than 358 (1)
Case 2 Section
Large Axial Load and Moment Larger than 358 (1)
Case 3 Section
Balanced Axial Load and Moment 358 (1)
Small Axial Load and Large Moment 359 (1)
No Appreciable Axial Load and Large Moment 359 (1)
Characteristics of the Interaction Diagram 359 (2)
Application of the Interaction Diagram 361 (1)
Analysis of Short Columns for Combined 361 (1)
Loading
Design of Short Columns for Combined Loading 362 (2)
Long or Slender Columns 364 (1)
Problems 364 (5)
Bibliography 369 (2)
Appendix A 371 (6)
Appendix B 377 (54)
Appendix C 431 (52)
Appendix D 483 (22)
Index 505
新书报道