某盾构区间富水硬岩段管片上浮

控制措施及应用研究

刘洪啟

摘 要

近年来，大中型城市道路交通拥堵情况逐渐加重，地下轨道交通作为一种能够有效缓解拥堵的方法正在大面积建设。其中，盾构开挖是建设过程中不可或缺的施工技术之一，它具备土方开挖和管片拼装的安全性、施工速度的快速性和对地面交通与建构筑物造成的影响小等优势，但在施工过程中会存在一项频繁发生的通病——隧道管片上浮。当前，很多学者重视对管片上浮控制的研究，更加重视的是软弱地层中管片上浮的控制研究，却较少研究富水硬岩地层中管片的上浮。但是，随着城市地铁建设的蓬勃发展，在实际盾构施工过程中经常会遇到富水硬岩地层管片上浮，如果对其不加以严格控制，将很大程度上对成型隧道管片拼装的工程质量造成严重影响，导致无法弥补的损失。因此，富水硬岩地层的管片上浮同样值得重视和研究。

首先，本文搜集了盾构隧道管片上浮的相关文献，从理论研究、实验研究和技术研究三个方面了解管片上浮的机理、影响管片上浮的因素、管片上浮的控制措施等。然后，总结归纳了5点与富水硬岩地层管片上浮有关的主要原因，此外，以某市轨道交通2号线南延线大舒东路站~秀湖路站盾构施工为工程背景，提出管片上浮预控措施。接着，选取工程案例中富水硬岩区域盾构隧道，采用ABAQUS仿真分析软件建立该区域盾构隧道有限元模型模拟隧道施工过程，经后处理获取管片上浮的相关数据并对此进行分析，然后，根据模拟分析的结果优化预控措施，得到4点富水硬岩地层管片上浮的控制方法并且采用实际现场监测的手段验证了控制措施的有效性，最后根据应用效果和实际施工过程对控制措施进行再优化，直至富水硬岩地层管片上浮被控制在合理范围之内。

本文以具体的盾构施工工程为例，通过理论与实践的研究，所得出的富水硬岩地层管片上浮控制措施将为以后类似工程起到一定的参考价值。

关键词：盾构隧道 富水硬岩地层 管片上浮 控制措施 优化

Abstract

In recent years, road traffic congestion in first-tier and second-tier cities has become increasingly serious. Underground rail transit, as an effective method to alleviate congestion, is under construction in a large area. Among them, shield method is one of the most important construction methods. It has the advantages of safe excavation and lining, fast tunneling speed, and does not affect the ground traffic and facilities, but there is a common problem frequently occurring in the construction process: the floating of tunnel lining. At present, many scholars pay more attention to the research on the control of tunnel lining floating in soft strata, but less on the control of tunnel lining floating in water-rich hard rock strata. However, with the rapid development of urban subway construction, in the actual shield construction process, it is often encountered that the water-rich hard rock stratum tunnel lining floating. If not properly controlled, it will seriously affect the engineering quality of tunnel lining structure and cause irreparable losses. Therefore,The floating of tunnel lining in the water-rich hard rock strata is also worthy of attention and research.

First of all, this thesis collectes relevant literature on tunnel lining floating of shield tunnel to understand the mechanism of tunnel lining floating, factors affecting tunnel lining floating and control measures of tube sheet floating from three aspects of theoretical research, experimental research and technical research. Then, the thesis summarizes the five main reasons related to the floating of tunnel lining in the water-rich hard rock stratum, and analyzes the influence of static floating, dynamic floating and attitude control on the floating of pipe slices. In addition, taking the shield tunneling construction of dashu east road station and xiuhu road station of the south extension line 2 of a city rail transit line as the engineering background, the precontrol measures of tube piece floating are put forward. Then, the shield tunnel in the water-rich hard rock area in the engineering case was selected, and the finite element model of the shield tunnel in the area was established by using ABAQUS simulation analysis software to simulate the tunnel construction process. After post-processing, the relevant data of tunnel lining floating was obtained and analyzed, then, according to the result of simulation optimization control counter measures, get 4 tunnel lining floating water hard rock stratum of the control method and the actual monitoring means to verify the effectiveness of the control measures, according to the application effect and the actual construction process control measures for optimizing again, until The floating of tunnel lining in the water-rich hard rock strata is controlled in a reasonable range.

This thesis takes shield tunneling as an example, and through theoretical and practical research, the obtained control measures for tunnel lining floating in water-rich hard rock strata will be of certain reference value for similar projects in the future.

Keywords: Shield tunnel Local karst strata  Tunnel Lining floating  Control measures Optimization