梁益坚

【内容提要】2000年以后许多非洲国家重启工业化进程，工业增加值增长迅速，并呈现出一些新的发展态势。其主要表现为不再过分依赖西方发展理论的指导，而是依托大型基础设施推动工业园建设，运用新技术提升传统产业和开拓新兴产业，积极借鉴新兴工业化国家的成功经验。新特点产生的原因主要包括西方发展理论对非洲工业发展造成的长期负面影响、新兴经济体崛起为非洲带来的新机遇、新技术在非洲的广泛应用、对非洲造成严重影响的全球气候变化和生态环境问题。21世纪非洲迎来人口红利“机会窗口”和技术革命“机会窗口”的“双窗口”发展机遇。非洲工业部门将不断扩大劳动密集型产业的规模，追赶第四次工业革命浪潮，努力实现跨越式发展，促进“数字非洲”和“创新非洲”建设，推动工业增长与绿色发展的协同双赢，为实现包容和可持续的工业发展目标而努力。

【关键词】非洲工业化；绿色发展；跨越发展

Abstract:After 2000,many African countries restarted the industrialization process,achieving rapid growth of industrial added value and showing somenew features,such as no longer relying too much on the guidance of Westerndevelopment theories,promoting the construction of industrial parks throughlargescale infrastructure,using new technologies to upgrade traditional industriesand developing emerging industries and actively learning from the successful experiences of emerging industrial countries.The reasons for the emergence ofthese new features mainly include the long-term negative impacts of Western development theories on African industry,the rise of emerging economies bringingnew opportunities to Africa,the wide application of new technologies in Africa,and the serious impacts of global climate change and ecological and environmental problems on Africa.In the 21st century,Africa is facing the“Double Windows”development opportunities of the demographic dividend“opportunitywindow”and the technological revolution“opportunity window”.Africanindustry will continue to expand the scale of labor-intensive industries,catch upwith the fourth industrial revolution to achieve leapfrog development,promotethe construction of“Digital Africa”and“Innovative Africa”,promote thesynergy of industrial growth and green development,and strive to achieve thegoal of inclusive and sustainable industrial development.

Keywords:African Industrialization;Green Development;Leapfrog Development

本文原载于：非洲研究 2022 年第 2 卷