摘 要
随着我国从计划经济转型到市场经济，我国特种设备的使用率也越来越高，几乎每个行业都能涉及到特种设备。因为它们使用条件都是在高温、高压、高空等恶劣环境下，极易发生危险。而有限的监管、检验人力资源和特种设备的增长速度已经严重不成比例，这就导致了设备检验工作不到位等现象的发生，给特种设备的安全留下了隐患，这就越来越要求特种设备适应信息化的发展。但是在推行信息化工作的进程中，依然存在着以下的不足：
（1）虽然现在各省都独立开发了针对特种设备的监督检验管理信息系统，但是由于数据接口不统一，不能实现各地检验信息的交流，形成了信息孤岛，这就导致了检验信息的闭塞，发达地区的检验经验和检验事故案例不能及时的交流，使落后地区的检验机构水平更加不能适应新增设备的技术发展，从而陷入了恶性循环，导致因技术能力低下而发生的检验事故增加。
（2）现在所有的特种设备监察管理信息系统所面对的对象都是监察机构和检验机构，没有面向特种设备用户和制造安装企业，没有做到取之于民、用之于民，不能够真正方便企业和用户，提高工作效率，实现部分资源共享、消除信息屏障，来保障多方之间的信息互通。
本文以湖北省为例，选取了具有平原和山区代表意义的荆门和恩施作为调查对象，开展了多方的问卷调研，通过对调查对象的调查结果进行了需求分析，阐述了他们各自对特种设备信息化的需求，并通过构建研究跨平台特种设备信息数据中心，来解决各省监察机构、检验机构、制造安装企业和特种设备用户之间的信息闭塞问题，从而增强检验机构检验力量，降低事故的发生率、减少检验风险，并为国家以后应对国际贸易壁垒，建立大检测集团打下了坚实的基础。
关键词：特种设备、信息孤岛、信息需求、数据中心
Abstract
As China economic transformation from a planned to a market economy, the utilization of special equipment have become more sophisticated, almost every industry can involve special equipment. Because they use are in the high-temperature, high pressure, high altitude and harsh environment, prone to danger. And limited supervision, inspection and human resources and special equipment has been seriously out of proportion to the growth rate, which led to the inspection of the equipment is not in place the occurrence of such phenomena, to the left of special equipment safety hazards, which increasingly requires special equipment to adapt to information technology development. However, the work in the implementation process of information, there are still less than the following:
(1) Although the provinces have now been developed for the independent supervision and inspection of special equipment management information system, but because the data interface is not uniform, can not be achieved from the inspection information exchange, the formation of information silos, which results in occlusion of the inspection information, developed areas of the inspection and testing experience can not be timely exchange of accident cases, so that the level of the backward areas of the inspection agency can not meet the more technical development of new equipment, thus caught in a vicious cycle, resulting in low capacity due to a technical incident occurred in the test increased.
(2) now all the special equipment to monitor management information systems were the subject of facing regulators and inspection bodies, not for the manufacture and installation of special equipment users and companies, failed to do from the people, giving back to people, not can really facilitate business and customers, improve efficiency, achieve some sharing of resources, elimination of information barriers to protect the exchange of information between parties.
In this paper, Hubei Province, has selected the representative significance of plains and mountains of Jingmen and Enshi the survey, carried out questionnaire survey of multi-party, through the findings of the survey carried out needs analysis, described their respective information on the special equipment of demand and research by building cross-platform data center of information of special equipment to resolve provincial monitoring agencies, testing agencies, manufacture and installation of special equipment companies and users of information between the occlusion problem, thereby enhancing the power of inspection and testing agency to reduce accidents rates, reduce test risk, and the future for the country to deal with international trade barriers, the establishment of a large test group has laid a solid foundation.
Key words: Special equipment, Information silos, Information needs, Data center
