刘丹丹¹, 朱鸿飞¹, 李德文², 郭胜均², 汪春梅²

(1. 黑龙江科技大学 电气与控制工程学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150022; 2. 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司, 四川 重庆 400037)

引用格式:

刘丹丹, 朱鸿飞, 李德文, 等. 基于科氏质量流量计的微米级煤尘和岩尘颗粒分类方法[ J]. 中国粉体技术, 2024,30(1): 132-143.

LIU D D, ZHU H F, LI D W, et al. Classification of micron coal dust and rock dust particles based on Coriolis mass flow meter[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2024, 30 (1): 132-143.

DOI:10.13732 / j.issn.1008-5548.2024.01.013

收稿日期: 2023-08-07,修回日期:2023-11-22,上线日期:2023-12-13。

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目,编号:2017YFC0805208。

第一作者简介:刘丹丹(1978—),女,教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为矿山安全监测与电气设备控制。 E-mail: liudandan2003@163.com。

摘要:【目的】岩尘的粒径比煤尘的小得多,更容易被吸入到肺中,危害较大。 为了解决煤尘和岩尘混合颗粒的分类问题,提出一种微米级煤尘和岩尘混合颗粒的测量方法。 【方法】首先采用环形静电传感器进行前端流体流量的测定,根据科氏质量流量计的测量原理,研究测量管两侧的时间差和流体的质量流量的关系;其次采用 ANSYS 有限元软件进行双向流固耦合,验证对煤尘和岩尘混合颗粒进行分类的可行性;最后对测量管进行静力学分析以及数值模拟分析,实现科氏质量流量计对微米级煤尘和岩尘混合颗粒的分类判别。 【结果】在科氏质量流量计的同一个测量管道入口处,颗粒的流入速度与测量时间差正相关;谐振式 U 型管的激振频率应为二阶振型对应的固有频率 113. 11 Hz;当煤尘和岩尘颗粒混合粒径不同时,静力学参数和时间差随着煤尘的体积分数的增大而减小,并且全岩尘和全煤尘的时间差明显与混合颗粒的不同;当煤尘和岩尘混合颗粒粒径相同时,时间差随着煤尘的体积流量增大而增大,关系曲线的陡度也随着增大。当煤尘体积分数<50%时,煤尘和岩尘的混合颗粒的粒径越大时间差越大;当煤尘体积分数≥50%时,煤尘和岩尘的混合颗粒的粒径越大时间差越小。 【结论】煤尘颗粒和岩尘颗粒具有鲜明且不同的分类判别特征,微米级煤尘和岩尘混合颗粒分类具有可行性,可实现科氏质量流量计对煤尘和岩尘混合颗粒的实时在线精确分类。

关键词: 煤尘颗粒; 岩尘颗粒; 科氏质量流量计; 静电传感器; 有限元软件; 双向流固耦合

Abstract

Objective The particle size of rock dust is much smaller than that of coal dust, allowing it more inhalable and thus more harmful to the lungs. To solve the classification problem of mixed particles containing both coal dust and rock dust, a micrometer measurement method for such mixed particles is proposed.

Methods Firstly, a model for a ring electrostatic sensor was established. Subsequently, according to the measurement principle of resonant U-type coriolis mass flow meter, it was proved that the mass flow of fluid could be calculated by measuring the time difference between the two sides of the tube. Secondly, considering the structure parameters of the resonant U-shaped pipe, the modal analysis of the resonant U-shaped measuring pipe was carried out by ANSYS Model software. The analysis determined that the excitation frequency of coriolis mass flow meter. Thirdly, the measuring process of coriolis mass flow meter was simulated using the two-way fluid-solid coupling approach. The theoretical feasibility of classifying mixed particles was verified by this simulation, coupled with the coriolis mass flow meter device. Finally, the relationship between particle density and mechanical properties of coal dust and rock dust was analyzed. With the change of coal dust volume fraction, the static parameters and time difference of coal dust and rock dust mixed particles with different particle sizes were studied. The mixed particles of coal dust and rock dust with the same particle size were studied with the change of coal dust volume fraction and particle velocity.

Results and Discussion In the same measuring pipe inlet of coriolis mass flow meter, the inflow velocity of particles is positively correlated with the measurement time difference. Modal analysis reveal that the excitation frequency of coriolis mass flow meter should be the natural frequency 113. 11 Hz, corresponding to the second order mode of the resonant U-type measuring tube. When coal dust and rock dust particles with different particle sizes are mixed, it is observed that the maximum static pressure, the total maximum shape variable, the maximum equivalent stress and the time difference decrease with the volume fraction of coal dust particles increases. The time difference of total rock dust and total coal dust differs from that of mixed particles. Specifically, when coal dust and rock dust particles of the same particle size are mixed, the time difference decreases sharply with the increase of coal dust volume fraction. The time difference increases with the increase of the volume flow rate of mixed particles. When the coal dust volume fraction is less than 50%, the larger the particle size, the larger the time difference. When the coal dust volume fraction is greater than or equal to 50%, the larger the particle size, the smaller the time difference.

Conclusion Coal dust particles and rock dust particles have distinct and different classification and discrimination characteristics. The feasibility of micrometer classification of mixed particles including coal dust and rock dust is verified. The coriolis mass flow meter demonstrates the capability to accurately classify the mixed particles of coal dust and rock dust in real time.

Keywords: coal dust particle; rock dust particle; Coriolis mass flow meter; electrostatic sensor; finite element software; two-way fluid-solid coupling

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