摘要：基于工程实例, 运用PFC离散元模拟改变参数实现成拱;系统分析筒仓卸粮成拱时仓壁超压、弹性波的形成和传播规律。结果表明:卸粮成拱时, 由于颗粒出流速度降低, 仓壁出现超压;随着筒仓高度的增加, 卸粮成拱时仓壁的侧压力降低, 超压的增量减小, 各深度处超压系数也随之增大;超压波峰随着高度的增加先后出现, 超压从拱脚处开始, 在仓壁上以波的形式向上传播。模拟结果分析发现, 波动在筒仓各深度处出现时间间隔均匀, 可以认为超压波动的传播比较均匀, 揭示了成拱工况下仓壁超压的形成机理。

关键词：卸粮成拱；仓壁超压；超压弹性波；PFC 离散元模拟

Abstract：Based on an engineering example, PFC discrete element simulation was applied to realize arch formation by changing parameters. The formation and propagation rules of overpressure and elastic wave of silo wall were systematically analyzed when silo grain was discharged into arch. The results indicate that the warehouse wall appears overpressure when the grain is discharged into an arch, due to the reduction of particle discharge velocity. As the height of silo increases, the side pressure of silo wall decreases when grain is discharged into arch, the increment of overpressure decreases, and the overpressure coefficient increases at each depth The overpressure wave peaks appear successively with the increase of height, indicating that the overpressure starts from the arch foot and spreads upward in the form of waves on the wall of the warehouse. Through the analysis of the simulation results, it is found that the time interval of the fluctuation is even at all depths of the silo. The formation mechanism of overpressure of warehouse wall under arch-forming condition is revealed.

Keywords：grain arched；overpressure on silo wall；elastic overpressure fluctuation；PFC discrete element simulation.