哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
语言文字学研究
《说文》“我”字训释考辨
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雷 春 辉
(甘肃民族师范学院 汉语系, 甘肃 兰州 747000)
雷春辉,男,甘肃天贺人,甘肃民族师范学院汉语系副教授。
摘要:
考诸甲骨文、金文,“我”有两源:一从手从戈,一从禾从戈,以“割手”、“割禾”为造意,以“戈”为声;“戈”,方言读guó,与“割”的方言读音一致,故“我”乃“割”之本字,有宰割、宰杀之义,甲文里有此用例;“我”被借作自称之后,另造“割”表本义;手的古文作、禾穗作,垂的古文作,三者相近,导致混同,故有许慎这样的说法。,从爪从戈,是“我”之金文字形。
关键词:
《说文解字》; 甲骨文; 金文; 方言
收稿日期:
2011-05-15
中图分类号:
H161
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2012)03-0146-04
基金项目:
Doi:
A Discriminative Investigation of Exegetical Explanations of the Character “我”
LEI Chunhui
(Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Gansu Minority Normal College, Lanzhou 747000, Gansu)
Abstract:
An investigative study shows that the character “我” were derived from two origins: one from “戈”(daggeraxe) and the other from “禾” and “戈”. It obtained the meaning from “cutting the hand(割手)” and “cutting crops (割禾)” and pronunciation from “戈”,which was pronounced as/guo/in local dialects, identical with the dialectal pronunciation of “割 (cutting)”. Therefore, the character “我” shared the primary meaning with “割”, meaning slaughtering or butchering, examples of which were found in the inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells. After the character “我” turned into selfaddress, the character “割” was created to carry the primary meaning. Besides, the character “手 (hand)” was written as—in ancient Chinese and crop ear was written as—, a drooping one of which was written as—. The three were so similar that confusion resulted, as was pointed out by Xu Shen. The character “——” was derived from “爪 (claw)” and “戈 (daggeraxe)”, which was thus the graphic form of “我” in inscriptions on ancient bronze objects.
KeyWords:
SHUO WEN JIE ZI; inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells; inscriptions on ancient bronze objects; local dialect