Erlich and Alter, the two worker leaders with a world fame, were assassinated by the Soviet authorities during “World War II”, which, known as the “ErlichAlter incident”, caused a great sensation in the diplomatic world in the day. In September, 1941, Soviet government, to mobilize all forces to support the nationdefending war, set free Erlich and Alter who had been imprisoned for two years and promised them to found an international Jewish AntiHitler committee. Later when the Soviet found that this program might threaten the existing institutions of Soviet Union, it cast the two Jewish leaders into prison again and substituted their organization with an antiHitler committee of Jews in Soviet. After the Stalingrad campaign was won, Soviet Union killed Alter secretly (up till now, Erlich had taken suicide) to preserve its longterm interests in Poland. This incident started a global protest and antiSoviet tide that Stalin was forced to send a delegation of Jews in Soviet to mend its relationship with other allies to subside the effects of the incident.

“ErlichAlter Incident”; the Jewish AntiHitler Committee; Soviet diplomatic policy; United States