Modern social science was carrying corresponding risk of modernity since its establishment. Due to the occurrence of the enlightenment, scientific and technological revolution, French revolution and the birth of Newton’s new physics, rationalism was pushed to the status of popular admiration. The construction, research methods and research scope of most disciplines of the modern social sciences are deeply affected by natural science and modernity，and the problems of modernity，including extreme worship of rationalism, European centralism and superstitious positivism，are common in these disciplines.Only by transcending its modernity, rectifying radical rationalism and eliminating the insularity of positivism, getting rid of a nationality and state, with the “community of human desting” as the foundation of the research framework, can social sciences lift longstanding social science research in the socalled oppositional “west” and “nonwestern world” position and develop healthily.

modern social sciences; rationalism principle； nationality; positivism; modernity