Chinese culture is a representative, subjective culture, of which the tension requires different perspectives and divergences to manifest. The mutual criticism between Confucianism and Taoism in the PreQin period, brought the different transcending directions between Mencius and Zhuang Zi. However, since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the cosmology of emergence and evolution in the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties became the manifestation of the inward directions of Chinese culture. Although the introduction of Buddhism brought the conflictions between Ancient China and India, and the “Xing Shen Zhi Bian” in the Two Jins and Northern and Southern Dynasties became the manifestation of the tension of Chinese culture，whereas Fan Zhen used “Xing（shape）” to release “Shen (spirit)”, and retrieved “Shen” back to “Xing”，indicating the counteraction of the internal tension. Though there was a fusion trend among Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, and the tension was reflected through the dual humanity in NeoConfucianism since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the pursuit for monism and the inward direction of Qi Theory in the Ming and Qing Dynasties internalized the tension again, which thereby become the recounteraction of transcending pursuit.The insufficiency of internal tension, caused Chinese culture to vacillate between transcendence and internalization and became the cultural root of the bidirectional entanglement between ideality versus reality and elites versus the masses in social ideological trends. Today, Chinese and Western cultural exchanges, rethinking about the return of the mutual criticism between Confucianism and Taoism, ConfucianismBuddhism fusion and the dual humanity in NeoConfucianism, as well as the way of developing the internal tension of Chinese culture to enhance the absorption and digestion of heterogeneous culture，should be an important mission for cultural construction.

Chinese philosophy; Xing Shen Zhi Bian; Xing Qi Zhi Gui; Dual humanity; Internal tension