哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
法学研究
获益损害赔偿制度的中国问题与体系构建
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刘 承 韪
(中国政法大学 比较法学研究院, 北京 100088)
刘承韪,男,山东潍坊人,法学博士,中国政法大学比较法学研究院教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
中国法律规范和法治实践已经承认在某些情境下可以通过非法行为人所获得的利益来计算受害人所遭受的损失,即所谓获益损害赔偿制度。中国的获益赔偿制度已得到一定程度的落实,也产生了相应的法律实践,已经成为实践中对私权进行救助和赔偿的重要制度工具。但遗憾的是,中国获益赔偿制度的法律实践较之法律表达尚严重滞后,不仅没有一个统一的获益赔偿制度的法理基础,而且已有的知识产权法、侵权法、证券法相关规则也因为其替补角色和缺乏操作性的弊端只能流于表面,很少被应用于法律实践,成为形同虚设的、无多少实践价值的制度。要充分发挥中国获益赔偿制度的功能,就需统一该制度的法理基础、建构其富有层次的内部结构体系、强化获益证明的操作性标准,并回归私法的当事人中心主义的本位。
关键词:
获益赔偿; 侵权获益; 违约获益; 公司归入权
收稿日期:
2016-06-10
中图分类号:
D923
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2016)06-0116-12
基金项目:
中国政法大学中青年优秀教师人才支持计划和霍英东基金项目(141088)
Doi:
On Issues and Systematism of Disgorgement Damage in Chinese Law
LIU Chengwei
(College of Comparative Law, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088)
Abstract:
Chinese law and practice have admitted that in some situations the losses the victim has suffered can be calculated on the basis of the interests the wrongdoer has gained, and that is the socalled disgorgement damage system. Disgorgement damage system in China has been implemented to some extent, produced related legal practice, and become an important tool of private right relief and compensation. But unfortunately, China’s legal practice of disgorgement system is much more outmoded than our law expression. We do not have a unified legal basis of disgorgement damage system, and the existing rules of intellectual property law, tort law, securities law, lack of interoperability because of their supplementary role and rare application practice, so that it become a system of little practical value. To fully play the function of the disgorgement damage system in China, we need to unify the legal basis of this system, construct the internal structure of its rich hierarchy system, strengthen the operational proof standards, and return to the private parties’ centralism.
KeyWords:
disgorgement damage; gainbased damage; disgorgement in contract law; disgorgement in tort law