哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
宗教学研究
梁真谛翻译《大乘起信论》的目录学考察
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杨 维 中
(南京大学 中美文化研究中心/哲学系, 江苏 南京 210046)
杨维中,男,陕西千阳人,哲学博士,南京大学中美文化研究中心教授,南京大学哲学系教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
近代以前,中国根本不存在对《大乘起信论》的真正的“怀疑”,备受学者所重视的隋代法经《众经目录》将其列入“疑惑”部,“可疑”的是译者,而不是论本身。费长房所记“太清四年”是近代认定《起信论》并非真谛译籍的关键“证据”。在一般的中国历史纪年表中太清年号只有3年,但《梁书》等史籍中赫然记载了太清四年继续使用的缘由。道宣照抄费长房的记载,但所用“同四年”在现行本中多了“大”字。这很大可能是传抄所误。真谛弟子中,曾经存在过曹毗撰《真谛三藏历》《真谛三藏传》、智敫撰集《真谛三藏翻译历》、僧宗撰《真谛三藏行状》三种真谛翻译记录或传记。费长房对真谛翻译的记录是依据曹毗所撰《真谛三藏历》《真谛三藏传》而作出的。从现有的证据看,曹毗所撰更全面些。综合考虑,费长房记载的太清四年(550)真谛翻译《大乘起信论》有充分依据,所有质疑都是站不住脚的。
关键词:
《大乘起信论》; 真谛三藏; 法经; 费长房; 太清四年
收稿日期:
2015-09-12
中图分类号:
B948
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2016)06-0078-08
基金项目:
国家社会科学基金一般项目“佛典汉译史的诠释学研究”(12BZJ004); 国家社会科学基金重点项目“汉传佛教解经学研究”(13AZD030)。
Doi:
The Bibliographic Study of Paramartha’s Translation of Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana in the Liang Dynasty
YANG Weizhong
(Center for Chinese and American Studies/the Department of Philosophy, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu)
Abstract:
There is no true doubt of Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana in modern times in China. What scholars put great emphasis on is the Canon of Lawsscripture of Catalogue in the Sui Dynasty, which put Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana in the catalogue of “Doubt”, but what they doubted was the translator, as apposed to the scripture itself. What Fei Changfang recorded in “the fourth year of Tai Qing” has been seen as the key evidence, showing that the Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana was not translated by Paramartha for scholars in modern times. In the normal timeline of Chinese history, the “Tai Qing” reign title only lasted three years, but the historical records such as the Book of Liang recorded the reason to continue using “the fourth year of Tai Qing”. Dao Xuan has copied the records of Fei Changfang, but there was a more “Big” word in Dao Xuan’s version,compared with all other “same fourth year” recordings. It is possibly a fault in the process of circulating copies. Amongst the disciples of Paramartha, were The Records of Paramartha’s Tripitaka and The Bibliography of Paramartha’s Tripitaka written by Cao Pi, The Translation of Paramartha’s Tripitaka written by Zhi Jiao, and The Bibliographic Sketch of Paramartha’s Tripitaka written by Seng Zong. What Fei Changfang recorded was based on The Records of Paramartha’s Tripitaka and The Bibliography of Paramartha’s Tripitaka written by Cao Pi. From findings in modern times, what Cao Pi recorded is more comprehensive. In an overall consideration, what Fei Changfang recorded as a Paramartha translated Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana in the fourth year of “Tai Qing”(A.D. 550) provided a sufficient basis. And this shows that all the doubts towards it are nonsense.
KeyWords:
Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana; paramartha’s Tripitaka; canon of laws; Fei Changfang; the fourth year of Tai Qing