哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
哲学研究
柏拉图著作中的“阿莱赛亚”
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王 晓 朝
(清华大学 人文学院, 北京 100084)
王晓朝,男,安徽桐城人,哲学博士,清华大学人文学院教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
“阿莱赛亚”是希腊哲学的一个基本概念。要理解这个哲学术语,中国学者需要具备跨文化的视野,要用发生学的方法揭示这个术语的哲学内涵。柏拉图的现存著作大量使用阿莱赛亚这个词,对之进行系统检索,可以明了这个词的基本用法和含义。柏拉图著作中的阿莱赛亚可分为判断之真和本体之真。判断之真一般用阿莱赛亚的形容词形式表达,一般译为“对”、“正确”,这种“真”的意思与希腊词“爱米”(是)的断真含义相同。本体之真一般用阿莱赛亚的名词形式表达,一般译为真理或真相,也可译为“本真”。在柏拉图的先驱者巴门尼德那里已经有两种真:一种是断真,一种是本真。前者是一个日常概念,后者是一个哲学概念。与巴门尼德相似,柏拉图在探讨了阿莱赛亚的词源和词义以后,把真理与神圣的存在者紧密地联系在一起。柏拉图在“阿莱赛亚”的哲学化历程中起了重要作用。
关键词:
真; 真理; 断真; 本真; 柏拉图; “阿莱赛亚”
收稿日期:
2015-04-20
中图分类号:
B502.232
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2016)02-0014-05
基金项目:
国家社会科学基金重大项目:“古希腊哲学术语数据库建设”(15ZDB025)
Doi:
Aletheia in Plato’s Writting
WANG Xiaochao
(School of Humanities in Tsinghua University, beijing 100084)
Abstract:
Aletheia is a basic concept of Greek philosophy.The understanding of Aletheia has to be with a crosscultural perspective and adopt the method of genesis.It must be understood and translated in a context of multiple cultures.The author thinks that aletheia was massively used in Plato’s writings, about which a systematic survey could help us to understand its usage and meaning.The aletheia in Plato’s writing could be classified into the truth of judgement,expressed by alethes,the adjective of aletheia, which is similar to the vertical usage of einai and original truth,expressed by the noun of aletheia,which may be translated into Chinese as “Benzhen”.The two types truth there are existence in Parmenides.Similar to him,Plato explored the etynomies and meaning of aletheia,linking the truth closely with sacred being.He played an important role in the procedure of the word from the daily use to philosophical term.
KeyWords:
true;truth;veridical use;original truth;Plato