哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
教育学研究
提高教育质量的永恒追求与时代特征
郝 文 武
(陕西师范大学 教育学院,陕西 西安 710062)
郝文武,男,陕西清涧人,陕西师范大学教育学院教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
教育质量是教育本质规定性的纯真程度,是教育的生命。教育数量是具有一定程度本质规定性的教育活动的扩展和普及程度,是接受教育和教育形成人的多少。教育质量与教育数量相互对应,应该相互协调统一,但也可能相互矛盾。不同时代和社会对教育本质的规定和数量要求可能不尽不同,最终形成的教育本质的纯真和数量规模有不同程度和特点,但形成德才兼备的人是教育本质的最高或最纯真规定。提高教育质量和扩大教育数量,使更多的人接受更好的教育是教育发展的终极目标、最高理想、永恒追求和主题。基本质量稳定提高,最高质量提高乏力;平均质量稳定提高,结构质量优化不足;价值追求等软质量影响科技、文化创新等硬质量提高;基础教育质量与高等教育质量缺乏协调影响整体教育质量提高,知识质量不低,能力质量特别是创新能力和实践能力质量不高,是当代中国教育质量的基本状态。降低功利化追求、抑制应试教育是提高教育质量的根本方式;明确学习方向,增强学习兴趣、动力和创造性,形成追求卓越、超越和永恒的理想目标;变革教育质量观,从提高教育内容质量、过程质量、方式质量及其管理质量做起;实现平等和效率相促进的教育公平目标,普遍提高民族素质;变革教育评价和选拔任用人才制度;使社会价值追求与教育价值追求相互促进,是提高教育质量的有效方式。
关键词:
教育评价; 教育质量; 教育公平; 教育价值
收稿日期:
2014-12-18
中图分类号:
G40-02; G40-058.1
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2015)02-0157-10
基金项目:
国家哲学社会科学基金教育学一般课题(BAA100013)
Doi:
Permanent Pursuit and Epical Features of Assessment and Improvement of Educational Quality
HAO Wenwu
(College of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, Shaanxi)
Abstract:
Education quality is the purity of essential prescription of education and life of education. Although different historical periods and societies differ in their prescription of the essence and demand for the quantity of education, shaping men with political integrity and professional competence is the highest and purest prescription of educational essence. Improving the quality, expanding the quantity of education and providing better education for more people are the ultimate aim, highest ideal and permanent pursuit of education. The status quo of current Chinese educational quality is not courageous enough: lack of the strength of improving the highest quality and optimizing the structural quality, lowlevel soft quality, including ideological pursuit, affecting improvement of hard quality, such as science and technology and cultural innovation, poor coordination between qualities of primary and higher educations affecting improvement of educational quality as a whole and low quality of ability, especially innovative and practical ability, etc. The essential means of improving educational quality is to reduce utilitarian pursuit and inhibit examoriented education. In practice, the following effective ways can be adopted to improve educational quality: establishing an outstanding aim of permanent ideal by setting up a clear direction of study and strengthening interest, motivation and innovation of learning, transforming the view of educational quality by raising the quality of educational contents, process, means and administration, improving the national quality to realize the objective of educational justice, transforming the systems of educational assessment and talentedworker selection and creating mutual acceleration between pursuit of social values and that of educational values.
KeyWords:
educational assessment; educational quality; educational justice; value of education