论文题目：Agricultural subsoil microbiomes and functions exhibit lower resistance to global change than topsoils in Chinese agroecosystems
论文作者：Ziheng Peng, Marcel G.A. van der Heijden, Yu Liu, Xiaomeng Li, Haibo Pan, Yining An, Hang Gao, Jiejun Qi, Jiamin Gao, Xun Qian, James M. Tiedje, Gehong Wei, Shuo Jiao*
论文摘要：Soils play a critical role in supporting agricultural production. Subsoils, below 20 cm, underpin fundamental agroecosystem sustainability traits including soil carbon storage, climate regulation and water provision. However, little is known about the ecological stability of subsoils in response to global change. Here we conducted a microcosm experiment to determine whether subsoils were more sensitive to global changes across 40 agricultural ecosystems in China, in combination with a multiple global change factor experiment and an in situ feld study. We found that subsoils exhibited greater fluctuation in species diversity, community composition, and complexity of microbial networks and ecosystem functions than topsoils, indicating lower resistance to global changes. Soil biodiversity was a major driver of ecosystem resistance, surpassing climate and soil parameters. A reciprocal microorganism transplant experiment showed that microorganisms isolated from the topsoil are more resistant to global changes than those from subsoil. Our study emphasizes that subsoil ecosystems are sensitive to global changes, underscoring the importance of including subsoils in predictions of agricultural sustainability and crop productivity under changing environmental conditions.
土壤在支持农业生产方面起着关键作用。20厘米以下的下层土壤支撑着农业生态系统的基本可持续性特征，包括土壤碳储存、气候调节和水源提供。然而，关于下层土壤在应对全球变化方面的生态稳定性知之甚少。在本研究中，我们开展了一项微宇宙实验，旨在探讨下层土壤在中国40个农业生态系统中是否对全球变化更为敏感，结合了多重全球变化因素实验和现场研究。研究发现，与表层土壤相比，下层土壤在物种多样性、群落组成、微生物网络复杂性以及生态系统功能方面表现出更大的波动，表明其对全球变化的抗性较低。土壤生物多样性是生态系统抗性的主要驱动因素，超越了气候和土壤参数的影响。通过互换微生物实验，我们发现从表层土壤分离的微生物比来自下层土壤的微生物更能抵抗全球变化。我们的研究强调，下层土壤生态系统对全球变化十分敏感，凸显了在预测农业可持续性和作物生产力时应考虑下层土壤在环境变化中的重要性。
论文链接：https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-024-01106-7