人际关系对监理人员监督效果影响研究

曹雪丽

摘要

随着城市化进程不断推进，大量社会资本涌入建筑市场，建设工程项目也愈加复杂，参与工程建设的单位也逐渐增多，涉及到的社会关系错综复杂。各方主体间的人际关系与项目利益有着紧密的联系，良好的关系能够加强组织间情感沟通并且帮助实现资源调配。然而，项目实施过程中常常出现监理人员与承包商关系僵化等问题影响到监督效果，不利于建设项目的顺利实施。因此，研究人际关系对监理人员监督效果影响具有重要意义。

本文首先对现阶段建设监理行业现状进行分析，提出了制约监理行业发展的问题，在理论研究的基础上结合工程实践探索了人际关系的内涵，并将人际关系在建筑行业的典型表现总结为“人情”、“互惠互利”、“饮酒文化”、“中庸之道”和“等级权威”五种形式。结合社会交换理论和计划行为理论来分析关系对监理人员在建设项目中监督效果的影响机制，并提出5大研究假设。最后通过对993名监理从业人员的调研及实证分析，得出关系对监理人员监督效果的影响机制。

研究结果显示，人际关系既对监理人员监督行为有直接正向影响，又通过监督行为意向对项目监督效果产生间接正向影响，维持长期高质量人际关系对改善项目监督效果的十分有意义。根据以上结论，本文提出要通过加强关系治理，制定激励机制和改革监理制度等措施来改善监理人员监督行为，为监理人员提高监督效果提供建议和理论支持。

关键词：关系；监督行为；监督效果；行为规范；行为意向

Abstract

As the urbanization process continues to advance, a large amount of social capital floods into the construction market, construction projects are more complicated, and more units are involved in the construction of the project, and the social relations involved are very complicated. Interpersonal relationship between the parties is closely related to the interests of the project. A high quality relationship can strengthen emotional communication between organizations and help achieve resource allocation. However, during the implementation of the project, problems such as the rigid relationship between the supervisor and the contractor often affect the supervisory effect, which is not conducive to the smooth implementation of the construction project. Therefore, interpersonal relationship is of great significance to the supervisory personnel's supervisory effect.

The current situation of construction supervision industry has analyzed and put forward the problem of restricting the development of supervision industry in this thesis. On the basis of theoretical research, the connotation of interpersonal relationship with engineering practice has explored, and the performance of interpersonal relationship in the construction industry as five forms of “renqing”, “mutual benefit”, “drinking culture”, “zhongyong” and “level authority” have summarized. Then combined with the theory of social exchange and the theory of planned behavior to analyze the influence mechanism of interpersonal relationship on the supervisory effect of supervisors in the construction project, and put forward five research hypotheses. Finally, through the investigation and empirical analysis of 993 supervisors, the influence mechanism of interpersonal relationship on the supervision effect is obtained.

The results show that interpersonal relationship has a direct positive impact on the supervision behavior, and it has an indirect positive impact on the project supervision effect through the supervision behavior intention. Maintaining the long-term high-quality interpersonal relationship is very meaningful to improve the project supervision effect. Based on the above conclusions, this paper proposes to improve the supervision behavior of supervisors by strengthening relationship governance, formulating incentive mechanism and reforming supervision system, and providing suggestions and theoretical support for supervisors to improve supervision effect.

Keywords: Interpersonal relationship; Supervisory Behavior; Supervision Effect; Normative Behavior;  Behavioral Intention