监理工程师寻租行为的

影响路径研究

张 婷

摘要

工程监理制度自推行以来极大的提高了我国工程建设项目的管理水平，但当前监理行业仍存在较多问题，突出表现为：行业制度规范尚不完善、监理队伍总体水平偏低、监理薪酬较低等。以上问题促使部分监理工程师为赚取外快与承包商合谋寻租，纵容承包商违规降低项目质量，损害业主利益甚至造成工程质量安全事故。因此通过探究影响监理工程师寻租行为的主要因素及影响路径，提出减少监理工程师寻租的对策，对提高项目管理水平，完善监理市场具有重要意义。

首先，本文通过分析监理行业的发展概况，剖析行业现存的问题。同时结合对实地调研结果的分析，了解了监理工程师的工作现状。其次，基于大量文献研究，依据委托代理理论和舞弊三角理论分析了监理工程师寻租行为的成因，得出影响监理寻租行为的主要因素：制度规范、薪酬待遇、监理工作的外部环境及个人工作态度。然后，分析各因素对监理工程师寻租行为的影响路径，从而构建影响路径模型。最后对湖北省多个地区的监理工程师进行问卷调研，对获得的672份问卷进行分析，结合调研利用Amos软件对构建的监理工程师寻租行为影响路径模型进行实证检验。

研究结果表明，各因素对监理工程师寻租行为具有显著的负向影响，其中制度规范与外部环境通过工作态度对寻租行为产生显著的负向影响。根据研究结论，本文针对各影响因素提出完善行业制度规范、优化监理工程薪酬待遇和工作环境等措施，以抑制监理工程师的寻租行为，为净化监理市场提供建议与对策。

关键词：监理工程师 寻租行为  工作态度 制度规范 薪酬待遇

Abstract

Since the implementation of the project supervision system, the management level of engineering construction projects in China has been greatly improved. However, there are still many problems in the current supervision industry. The outstanding performances are: the industry system is still not perfect, the overall level of the supervision team is low, and the supervisor's salary is relatively low etc.. The supervision engineer to seek rent-seeking with the contractor for the purpose of obtaining non-productive profits are prompted by the above problems , which led to the contractor's violation of the project quality, and the owner's interests is damaged and even cause engineering quality and safety accidents. Therefore, by exploring the main factors affecting the rent-seeking behavior of supervision engineers and the path of influence, it is proposed to reduce the supervision of rent-seeking by the supervision engineer, which is of great significance to improve the project management level and improve the supervision market.

First of all, the existing problems of the supervision industry are analyzed by the thesis by analyzing the development of the supervision engineer industry. At the same time, combined with the analysis of the field research results, the working status of the supervision engineer is known. Secondly, based on a large number of literature studies, based on the principal-agent theory and the fraud triangle theory, the causes of the rent-seeking behavior of supervision engineers is analyzed, and draws the main factors that affect the supervision rent-seeking behavior: institutional norm, remuneration packages, external environment of supervision work and personal work attitude. Then, the influence path of each factor on the rent-seeking behavior of the supervision engineer is analyzed to construct the influence path model. Finally, a questionnaire survey was conducted among the supervision engineers in many areas of Hubei Province, and 672 questionnaires were analyzed. The Amos software was used to empirically test the path model of the rent-seeking behavior of supervision engineers.

The research results show that each factor has a significant negative impact on the rent-seeking behavior of the supervision engineer. The institutional norm and the external environment have a significant negative impact on the rent-seeking behavior through the working attitude. According to the research conclusions, this thesis proposes measures to improve the industry system norms, optimize the compensation and treatment of the supervision project and the working environment for each influencing factor, so as to curb the rent-seeking behavior of the supervision engineer and provide suggestions and countermeasures for the purification supervision market.

Key words: Supervising engineer；Rent-seeking behavior；Work attitude ；Institutional norm；Remuneration