BIM在装配式住宅设计中

的应用研究

曹世勇

摘 要

现阶段在我国钢筋混凝土装配式建筑正掀起一场建筑工业化的行业转型升级，装配式建筑生产效率高，施工速度快，构件质量好，顺应了绿色建筑的发展导向。而建筑信息模型（Building Information Model，以下简称BIM）符合装配式住宅的数据化、标准化、模块化的设计要求，所以BIM在装配式住宅设计中有极好的结合点和应用价值。

本文结合贵阳市上枧公租房项目，将BIM应用于装配式住宅构件拆分和方案优化等深化设计过程。对比1、2号住宅楼沿用传统的CAD设计方法完成拆分设计的弊端，以及3号住宅楼采用BIM辅助设计软件RevitFly智能化完成拆分设计，挖掘装配式住宅楼小区由基本户型组成的特点，采用基于标准化构件族库的户型模块组合协同设计方法完成剩余9栋住宅楼的建模设计。在整个工作中，总结出一种用户型模块组合的设计方法和流程。借助Revit插件在建筑方案的经济分析、性能优化以及管网综合排布、节点处理等方面做了深化设计应用，发现BIM在装配式住宅设计中的应用可以有效的缩短设计周期、减轻设计强度、提升设计质量。

本研究提出基于BIM的装配式住宅设计方法，为各专业提供协同设计，是一种智能软件辅助精益设计的方法，是实现装配式住宅标准化设计、信息化建造的核心技术，有助于加快我国建筑工业化的实施步伐。

关键词：BIM，装配式住宅，设计，应用研究，标准化，模块

Abstract

At present, the reinforced concrete assembly building in our country is setting off a transformation and upgrading of the industry of building industrialization. The assembly building has high production efficiency, fast construction speed and good component quality, which conforms to the development orientation of green building. The building information model (BIM) meets the requirements of data, standardization and modularization in the design of assembled residential buildings, so BIM has excellent combination and application value in the design of assembled residential buildings.

Based on the Shangfeng public rental housing project in Guiyang City, BIM is applied to further the design process of assembly housing component splitting and scheme optimization. Comparing the disadvantage of the traditional CAD design method to complete the split design of No. 1 and No. 2 residential buildings, and the intelligent split design of No. 3 residential buildings using BIM assistant design software RevitFly, excavating the characteristics of the assembled residential buildings which are composed of basic units, using the cooperative design method based on standardized component family library to complete the modeling design of the remaining 9 residential buildings. In the whole work, a design method and process of user module combination is summarized. With the help of Revit plug-in, the economic analysis, performance optimization, pipeline network layout, node treatment and other aspects of deepening the design application, it is found that the application of BIM in the design of assembled residential buildings can effectively shorten the design cycle, reduce the design intensity and improve the design quality.

This study proposes a BIM-based design method for assembly housing, which provides collaborative design for all specialties. It is a method of intelligent software-assisted lean design. It is the core technology to realize the standardized design and information construction of assembly housing, and helps to speed up the implementation of construction industrialization in China.

Key words：BIM, Assembled Residence, Design, Applied Research, Standardization, Module