科学研究
硕士论文

基于点云的盾构管片拼装成型质量检测研究

来源:   作者:  发布时间:2017年10月31日  点击量:

摘要

随着盾构施工方法的快速发展,人们对盾构施工质量的要求越来越高。为了提高盾构施工质量,本文选取管片拼装成型质量作为研究对象,选取错台和椭圆度作为质量评价指标,构建了管片拼装成型质量管理体系,通过分析传统检测方法存在的诸多不足基础上,提出了基于点云处理的管片拼装成型质量检测的实现过程,设计了基于点云处理的错台和椭圆度指标的快速提取算法,并利用工程实例进行分析,验证了算法的可行性。

本文的主要研究内容如下:

首先,本文介绍了管片拼装成型质量的概念、管理体系,分析总结出:1)错台和椭圆度超标的原因主要是管片拼装不规范、盾构姿态未能及时调整、注浆质量差等;2)管片拼装成型质量管理包括质量检测和质量控制两个方面,其中质量检测结果可以作为质量控制的有力依据。3)现有检测手段,频率低、耗时费力,对特殊部位(椭圆顶部)测量难度高,不能满足工程需求,三维激光扫描技术可以一定程度弥补不足。

其次,本文介绍了基于点云处理的管片拼装成型质量检测的实现过程,包括数据采集、运用软件拼接和剔除噪点的初步处理、设计算法进行错台和椭圆度指标提取。本文提出的算法包括数据预处理算法(坐标变换、非关键点剔除、边线提取、中心拟合)、错台检测算法和椭圆度检测算法。其中数据预处理算法可以简化计算,提高速度;错台和椭圆度检测算法是根据隧道的几何形状进行设计,适用于实际工程。最后,本文以武汉轨道交通7号线一期工程第八标段的第103环至第107环管片为研究对象,既检验了算法的可行性,又通过现场复核工作,得出本文所提错台和椭圆度提取算法可以在满足工程精度要求的情况下,很大程度上提高检测效率。

关键字:管片拼装;成型质量;点云处理;错台;椭圆度

Abstract

With the rapid development of shield construction technology, the quality of shieldconstruction has attracted extensive attention. In order to improve the quality of construction,the quality inspection of segment assembly is taken as the object of the study. Thedislocation and ovality are selected as the quality evaluation indexes. Then the qualitymanagement system is constructed. Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of thetraditional detection methods, the implementation of the quality inspection of segmentassembly molding based on point cloud processing is proposed. Then, a algorithm forcalculating the dislocation and deformation based on point cloud processing is designed,and the feasibility of the algorithm is verified by an engineering example.

The research contents are as follows:

Firstly, the concept and management system of segment assembly quality areintroduced in this thesis. The conclutions are as follows: 1) dislocation and deformation arethe cause of assembly nonstandard, shield posture failed to adjust, grouting quality is poor;2) segment assembly quality management including quality inspection and quality control,the results of quality inspection can serve as a strong basis for quality control; 3) thetraditional detection method is low and time-consuming, and it is difficult to meet the needsof the project. However, the 3D laser scanning technology can make up for deficiencies tosome extent.

Secondly, the implementation process of quality detection based on point cloudprocessing, including data collection, using the software of registration and removing noisetreatment, design algorithm of dislocation and deformation index extraction. The algorithms,carried out in this thesis, include pre-processing of the cloud data, dislocation algorithmand the ovality algorithm. The pre-processing of the cloud data including coordinatetransformation, accurate denoising, line extraction and circle fitting can simplifycalculations and increase speed. The dislocation and ovality caculation is designedaccording to the geometry of the tunnel, and is suitable for practical engineering.

Finally, the 103rd rings to 107th ring eighth section of Wuhan Metro Line 7 project istaken as the object. The feasibility of the algorithm is checked and the field review is givento show that the algorithm can improve the detection efficiency under the condition ofsatisfying the accuracy

Keywords: segment assembly; forming quality; point cloud processing; dislocation;ovality